CATTLE MANURE APPLICATION AFFECTS BIOAVAILABILITY OF CADMIUM IN SOIL
Downloads
Cadmium (Cd) in soil could enter human body via food chain contamination. Farmers regularly apply manure to the vegetable growing fields in the up-country in Sri Lanka. Regular manure application could increase concentration of labile C in soil, which could maintain relatively high soluble Cd fraction in soil, resulting soil Cd more bioavailable. A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with soils (Ultisols) collected from an urban vegetable garden in Seethaeliya, Sri Lanka to assess whether the manure application affects the phytoavailability of soil Cd to lettuce. Lettuce was grown for three consecutive crop cycles with and without cattle manure. For one manure-added treatment, dried manure was added as a bulk (i.e. one time at the beginning of the first crop at the rate of 75g of manure per 5kg of soil in fresh weight basis) and as a split dose for the other treatment at the rate of 25g of manure per 5 kg of soil at the beginning of every crop. The concentration of total Cd was 0.72 mg/kg in soil and 0.60 mg/kg in cattle manure. Only 2% of total Cd was easily extractable in soil, whereas 21% of total Cd in the manure was easily extractable. Concentration of Cd in lettuce was significantly higher in manure-added treatments compare to the unamended soil. Manure application (both bulk and split) increased Cd concentration in lettuce. Incorporation of easily extractable Cd and increase of labile C via manure application may have contributed to elevate Cd concentrations in lettuce.
Antoniadis, V., & Alloway, B. J. (2002). The role of dissolved organic carbon in the mobility of Cd, Ni and Zn in sewage sludge-amended soils. Environmental Pollution, 117(3), 515-521.
Antoniadis, V., Robinson, J. S., & Alloway, B. J. (2008). Effects of short-term pH fluctuations on cadmium, nickel, lead, and zinc availability to ryegrass in a sewage sludge-amended field. Chemosphere, 71(4), 759-764.
Ashworth, D. J., & Alloway, B. J. (2008). Influence of dissolved organic matter on the solubility of heavy metals in sewage‐sludge‐amended soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 39(3-4), 538-550.
Attanayake, C. P., Hettiarachchi, G. M., Harms, A., Presley, D., Martin, S., & Pierzynski, G. M. (2014). Field evaluations on soil plant transfer of lead from an urban garden soil. Journal of Environmental Quality, 43(2), 475-487.
Bolan, N. S., Adriano, D. C., Duraisamy, P., & Mani, A. (2003). Immobilization and phytoavailability of cadmium in variable charge soils. III. Effect of biosolid compost addition. Plant and Soil, 256(1), 231-241.
Brown, S. L., Chaney, R. L., & Hettiarachchi, G. M. (2016). Lead in urban soils: a real or perceived concern for urban agriculture. Journal of environmental quality, 45(1), 26-36.
Bremner, J. M. (1960). Determination of nitrogen in soil by the Kjeldahl method. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 55(1), 11-33.
Cai, Z., Wang, B., Xu, M., Zhang, H., He, X., Zhang, L., & Gao, S. (2015). Intensified soil acidification from chemical N fertilization and prevention by manure in an 18-year field experiment in the red soil of southern China. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 15(2), 260-270.
Chavez, E., He, Z. L., Stoffella, P. J., Mylavarapu, R. S., Li, Y. C., & Baligar, V. C. (2016). Chemical speciation of cadmium: an approach to evaluate plant-available cadmium in Ecuadorian soils under cacao production. Chemosphere, 150, 57-62.
Chuan, M. C., Shu, G. Y., & Liu, J. C. (1996). Solubility of heavy metals in a contaminated soil: effects of redox potential and pH. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 90(3-4), 543-556.
Culman, S. W., Snapp, S. S., Freeman, M. A., Schipanski, M. E., Beniston, J., Lal, R., & Lee, J. (2012). Permanganate oxidizable carbon reflects a processed soil fraction that is sensitive to management. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 76(2), 494-504.
Day, P. R. (1965). Particle fractionation and particle‐size analysis. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1 Physical and Mineralogical Properties, Including Statistics of Measurement and Sampling, 9, 545-567.
Ding, C., Ma, Y., Li, X., Zhang, T., & Wang, X. (2018). Determination and validation of soil thresholds for cadmium based on food quality standard and health risk assessment. Science of the Total Environment, 619, 700-706.
Hseu, Z. Y., Chen, Z. S., Tsai, C. C., Tsui, C. C., Cheng, S. F., Liu, C. L., & Lin, H. T. (2002). Digestion methods for total heavy metals in sediments and soils. Water, air, and soil pollution, 141(1-4), 189-205.
Jayatilleke, J., & Bandara, J. M. R. S. (1989). Pesticide management by the hill country vegetable farmers.
Jinadasa, K. B. P. N., Milham, P. J., Hawkins, C. A., Cornish, P. S., Williams, P. A., Kaldor, C. J., & Conroy, J. P. (1997). Survey of cadmium levels in vegetables and soils of Greater Sydney, Australia. Journal of Environmental Quality, 26(4), 924-933.
John, M. K., VanLaerhoven, C. J., & Chuah, H. H. (1972). Factors affecting plant uptake and phytotoxicity of cadmium added to soils. Environmental Science & Technology, 6(12), 1005-1009.
Jolly, Y. N., Islam, A., & Akbar, S. (2013). Transfer of metals from soil to vegetables and possible health risk assessment. SpringerPlus, 2(1), 385.
Kabata-Pendias, A. (2004). Soil–plant transfer of trace elements—an environmental issue. Geoderma, 122(2-4), 143-149.
Lamy, I., Bourgeois, S., & Bermond, A. (1993). Soil cadmium mobility as a consequence of sewage sludge disposal. Journal of Environmental Quality, 22(4), 731-737.
Li, C., Frolking, S., & Harriss, R. (1994). Modeling carbon biogeochemistry in agricultural soils. Global biogeochemical cycles, 8(3), 237-254.
Ma, L. Q., & Rao, G. N. (1997). Chemical fractionation of cadmium, copper, nickel, and zinc in contaminated soils. Journal of Environmental Quality, 26(1), 259-264.
Mapa, R. B., & Somasiri, S. (1999). Soils of the wet zone of Sri Lanka: morphology, characterization and
Mehlich, A. (1984). Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: A modification of Mehlich 2 extractant. Communications in soil science and plant analysis, 15(12), 1409-1416.classification.
Menzies, N. W., Donn, M. J., & Kopittke, P. M. (2007). Evaluation of extractants for estimation of the phytoavailable trace metals in soils. Environmental pollution, 145(1), 121-130.
Nelson, D. W., & Sommers, L. E. (1996). Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. Methods of soil analysis: Part 3 Chemical methods, 5, 961-1010.
Premarathna, H. M. P. L., Hettiarachchi, G. M., & Indraratne, S. P. (2005). Accumulation of cadmium in intensive vegetable growing soils in the up country.
Premarathna, H. M. P. L., Hettiarachchi, G. M., & Indraratne, S. P. (2011). Trace metal concentration in crops and soils collected from intensively cultivated areas of Sri Lanka. Pedologist, 54(3), 230-240.
Qiang, T., Xiao-quan, S., & Zhe-ming, N. (1994). Evaluation of a sequential extraction procedure for the fractionation of amorphous iron and manganese oxides and organic matter in soils. Science of the total Environment, 151(2), 159-165.
Saar, R. A., & Weber, J. H. (1982). Fulvic acid: modifier of metal-ion chemistry. Environmental science & technology, 16(9), 510A-517A.
Sauerbeck, D. R., & Gonzalez, M. A. (1977). Field decomposition of carbon-14-labelled plant residues in various soils of the Federal Republic of Germany and Costa Rica. In Soil organic matter studies.
Schindler, D. W., Bayley, S. E., Curtis, P. J., Parker, B. R., Stainton, M. P., & Kelly, C. A. (1992). Natural and man-caused factors affecting the abundance and cycling of dissolved organic substances in precambrian shield lakes. In dissolved organic matter in lacustrine ecosystems (pp. 1-21). Springer, Dordrecht.
Shahriari, A., Khormali, F., Kehl, M., Ayoubi, S., & Welp, G. (2012). Effect of a long-term cultivation and crop rotations on organic carbon in loess derived soils of Golestan Province, Northern Iran. International Journal of Plant Production, 5(2), 147-152.
Thilakarathne, A., C. Attanayake, and M.M.C.B. Prasadini, R.M.E. Ekanayake. 2017. Potential bioavailability of trace elements in vegetable based cropping systems in the upcountry of Sri Lanka. In iPURSE: Peradeniya University International Research Session. University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
United States Enviornmental Protection Agency. 1994. Land Application of Sewage Sludge: A Guide for Land Appliers on the Requirements of the Federal Standards for the Use or Disposal of Sewage Sludge, 40 CFR: EPA/831-B-93-002b Part 503. Washington, DC.
Ure, M., Thomas, R. D., & Littlejohn, D. (1993). Ammonium acetate extracts and their analysis for the speciation of metal ions in soils and sediments. International journal of environmental analytical chemistry, 51(1-4), 65-84.
USEPA Method 3050, 1996. Acid digestion of sediments, sludges, and soils. Available from: Revised on December, 1996
USEPA Method 7010, (2007), Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry, In: Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods SW-846, U.S. EPA, Washington DC.
Wang, L., Cui, X., Cheng, H., Chen, F., Wang, J., Zhao, X. ... & Pu, X. (2015). A review of soil cadmium contamination in China including a health risk assessment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(21), 16441-16452.
Wijewardena, J. D. H., & Amarasiri, S. L. (2012). Long-term use of potassium fertilizer for vegetable crops in the upcountry intermediate zone. Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, 25(1).
Xu, M., Lou, Y., Sun, X., Wang, W., Baniyamuddin, M., & Zhao, K. (2011). Soil organic carbon active fractions as early indicators for total carbon change under straw incorporation. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 47(7), 745.
